![]() However, a two-part antiphon to Saint Boniface recently discovered in the British Library, is thought to have originated in a monastery in north-west Germany and has been dated to the early tenth century. 1000, is the generally considered to be the oldest extant example of notated polyphony for chant performance, although the notation does not indicate precise pitch levels or durations. Rather than being fixed works, they indicated ways of improvising polyphony during performance. These treatises provided examples of two-voice note-against-note embellishments of chants using parallel octaves, fifths, and fourths. 900, are usually considered the oldest extant written examples of polyphony. : 198–210Īlthough the exact origins of polyphony in the Western church traditions are unknown, the treatises Musica enchiriadis and Scolica enchiriadis, both dating from c. According to the Evolutionary Model, the origins of polyphonic singing are much deeper, and are connected to the earlier stages of human evolution polyphony was an important part of a defence system of the hominids, and traditions of polyphony are gradually disappearing all over the world. According to the Cultural Model, the origins of polyphony are connected to the development of human musical culture polyphony came as the natural development of the primordial monophonic singing therefore polyphonic traditions are bound to gradually replace monophonic traditions. Currently there are two contradictory approaches to the problem of the origins of vocal polyphony: the Cultural Model, and the Evolutionary Model. It is believed that the origins of polyphony in traditional music vastly predate the emergence of polyphony in European professional music. Most polyphonic regions of the world are in sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and Oceania. Traditional (non-professional) polyphony has a wide, if uneven, distribution among the peoples of the world. ![]() 2.3 Protestant Britain and the United States. ![]()
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